Internal Combustion Engines	Time 2 hrs.
Student Name:	Student Number:      -      -        (   )

 

1- Use the figure on the right to indicate the following: A- the compression stroke B- the spark ignition point (s) C- What is meant by the letters on the figure:   (a) (b) (c) (d)

 

 

2- What are the engine classifications from the point of view?

i- Methods of cooling system 

 

 

 

ii- Methods of fuel system

 

 

 

3- A high-speed engine considered to be operating on the dual combustion cycle has a compression ratio (r) of 18:1. The maximum cylinder pressure reached (p₃) was 7210 kN/m² abs. and maximum temperature (t₄) 1680^oC. The pressure of the air at the beginning of the compression (p₁) cycle is 100 kN/m² abs. and temperature (t₁) 20⁰C. g = 1.4. The volume at the beginning of the compression (V₁) is 400 cc.

a- Find the clearance volume (V_c)

 

 

b- Engine swept volume (V_e) if number of cylinders is 4.

 

 

c- Find p₂, T₂, T₃, p₄, T₄, p₅ and T₅

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4- A) Complete the following table:

	factors affecting gasoline engine combustion	Effect on combustion
1
2
3
4

 

B) What is the difference between:

a- Dieseling (run-on) and Diesel knock

 

 

 

 

 

5- A) Explain what is meant by the following and what is causing it:

	Explanation	The causes
Green house effect
Global warming

B) The car pollutants:

	Origin	effects	Engine modifications to control it
HC
CO
NOx

C- Alternative fuelled vehicles:

Alternative fuelled vehicles	Advantages
1-
2-
3-

D- Emission control devices:

Emission control devices	Job of the device	How it works

E- Vehicle emission control systems:

Emission control system	The kind of pollutants to control
1-
2-
3-

F- Write down the engine modifications for emission control:

Modification	Reasons for the modification
1-
2-
3-